Panduan Mengatasi Wabak Berjangkit

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ خَرَجَ إِلَى الشَّامِ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِسَرْغَ لَقِيَهُ أَهْلُ الْأَجْنَادِ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَأَصْحَابُهُ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ أَنَّ الْوَبَاءَ قَدْ وَقَعَ بِالشَّامِ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ادْعُ لِي الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ فَدَعَوْتُهُمْ فَاسْتَشَارَهُمْ وَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّ الْوَبَاءَ قَدْ وَقَعَ بِالشَّامِ فَاخْتَلَفُوا فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ قَدْ خَرَجْتَ لِأَمْرٍ وَلَا نَرَى أَنْ تَرْجِعَ عَنْهُ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ مَعَكَ بَقِيَّةُ النَّاسِ وَأَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَا نَرَى أَنْ تُقْدِمَهُمْ عَلَى هَذَا الْوَبَاءِ فَقَالَ ارْتَفِعُوا عَنِّي ثُمَّ قَالَ ادْعُ لِي الْأَنْصَارِ فَدَعَوْتُهُمْ لَهُ فَاسْتَشَارَهُمْ فَسَلَكُوا سَبِيلَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَاخْتَلَفُوا كَاخْتِلَافِهِمْ فَقَالَ ارْتَفِعُوا عَنِّي ثُمَّ قَالَ ادْعُ لِي مَنْ كَانَ هَاهُنَا مِنْ مَشْيَخَةِ قُرَيْشٍ مِنْ مُهَاجِرَةِ الْفَتْحِ فَدَعَوْتُهُمْ فَلَمْ يَخْتَلِفْ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلَانِ فَقَالُوا نَرَى أَنْ تَرْجِعَ بِالنَّاسِ وَلَا تُقْدِمَهُمْ عَلَى هَذَا الْوَبَاءِ فَنَادَى عُمَرُ فِي النَّاسِ إِنِّي مُصْبِحٌ عَلَى ظَهْرٍ فَأَصْبِحُوا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ أَفِرَارًا مِنْ قَدَرِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَوْ غَيْرُكَ قَالَهَا يَا أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ وَكَانَ عُمَرُ يَكْرَهُ خِلَافَهُ نَعَمْ نَفِرُّ مِنْ قَدَرِ اللَّهِ إِلَى قَدَرِ اللَّهِ أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ كَانَتْ لَكَ إِبِلٌ فَهَبَطَتْ وَادِيًا لَهُ عُدْوَتَانِ إِحْدَاهُمَا خَصْبَةٌ وَالْأُخْرَى جَدْبَةٌ أَلَيْسَ إِنْ رَعَيْتَ الْخَصْبَةَ رَعَيْتَهَا بِقَدَرِ اللَّهِ وَإِنْ رَعَيْتَ الْجَدْبَةَ رَعَيْتَهَا بِقَدَرِ اللَّهِ
قَالَ فَجَاءَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ وَكَانَ مُتَغَيِّبًا فِي بَعْضِ حَاجَتِهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ عِنْدِي مِنْ هَذَا عِلْمًا سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ إِذَا سَمِعْتُمْ بِهِ بِأَرْضٍ فَلَا تَقْدَمُوا عَلَيْهِ وَإِذَا وَقَعَ بِأَرْضٍ وَأَنْتُمْ بِهَا فَلَا تَخْرُجُوا فِرَارًا مِنْهُ قَالَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ

'Abdullah b. 'Abbas reported: Umar b. Khattab set out for Syria. As he came at Sargh (a town by the side of Hijaz on the way to Syria), there met him the commander of the forces, Abu Ubaida b. Jandb, and his companions. They informed him that a scourge had broken out in Syria. Ibn 'Abbas further reported that 'Umar said: Call to me tile earliest emigrants. So I called them. He (Hadrat 'Umar) sought their advice, and they told him that the scourge had broker, out in Syria. There was a difference of opinion (whether they should proceed further or go back to their homes in such a situation). Some of them said: You ('Umar) have set forth for a task, and, therefore, we would not advise you to go back, whereas some of them said: You have along with you the remnants (of the sacred galaxy) of men and (the blessed) Companions of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him), so we would not advise you to go forth towards this calamity (with such eminent persons and thus expose them deliberately to a danger). He (Hadrat 'Umar) said: You can now go away. He said: Call to me the Ansar. So I called them to him, and he consulted them, and they trod the same path as was trodden by the Muhajirin, and they differed in their opinions as they had differed. He said: Now, you can go. He again said: Call to me the old persons of the Quraish who had migrated before the Victory (that is the Victory of Mecca), so I called them (and Hadrat 'Umar consulted them) and not even two persons differed (from the opinion held by the earlier delegates). They said: Our opinion is that you better go back along with the people and do not make them go to this scourge, So 'Umar made announcement to the people: In the morning I would be on the back of my side. So they (set forth in the morning), whereupon Abu 'Ubaida b. Jarrah said: Are you going to run away from the Divine Decree? Thereupon 'Umar said: Had it been someone else to say this besides you! 'Umar (in fact) did not approve of his opposing (this decision) and he said: Yes, we are running from the Divine Decree (to the) Divine Decree. You should think if there had been camels for you and you happened to get down in a valley having two sides, one of them covered with verdure and the other being barren, would you not (be doing) according to the Divine Decree if you graze them in verdure? And in case you graze them in the barren land (even then you would be grazing them) according to the Divine Decree.
There happened to come 'Abd al-Rahman b. 'Auf and he had been absent in connection with some of his needs. He said: I have with me a knowledge of it, that I heard Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: If you hear of its presence (the presence of plague) in a land, don't enter it, but if it spreads in the land where you are, don't fly from it. Thereupon 'Umar b. Khattab praised Allah and then went back?


Hadis Abdullah bin Abbas r.a:
Sesungguhnya Umar bin Al-Khattab pergi ke Syam. Apabila sampai ke sebuah dusun yang bernama Sarghi, beliau telah dikunjungi oleh penduduk di sekitarnya, iaitu Abu Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah dan para pengikutnya. Mereka mengkhabarkan bahawa wabak (penyakit taun) telah berjangkit di Syam. Ibnu Abbas berkata setelah mendengar berita itu, Umar berkata: Cuba panggilkan para sahabat Muhajirin yang pertama. Aku melaksanakan perintah Umar. Umar mengajak mereka berbincang dan memberitahu kepada mereka bahawa wabak telah berjangkit di Syam. Mereka telah berbeza-beza pendapat mengenai berita tersebut. Sebahagian di antara mereka berkata: Engkau pergi untuk suatu urusan yang besar, jadi kami tidak sependapat sekiranya engkau pulang. Sebahagian yang lain pula berkata: Engkau diikuti oleh orang ramai dan para sahabat Rasulullah s.a.w, jadi kami tidak bersetuju apabila engkau membawa mereka menuju ke wabak ini. Umar berkata: Tinggalkanlah aku! Kemudian beliau berkata lagi: Tolong panggilkan para sahabat Ansar. Aku pun memanggil mereka. Ketika mereka diminta berbincang, mereka telah berbeza-beza pendapat sebagaimana para sahabat Muhajirin. Umar berkata: Tinggalkanlah aku! Lalu beliau berkata lagi: Tolong panggilkan para pembesar Quraisy yang berhijrah sewaktu penaklukan dan sekarang mereka berada di sana. Aku memanggil mereka dan ternyata mereka telah sepakat kemudian berkata: Menurut kami, sebaik-baiknya engkau bawa sahaja mereka pulang dan tidak mengajak mereka memasuki kawasan wabak ini. Lalu Umar menyeru di tengah-tengah orang ramai: Aku akan memandu tungganganku untuk pulang, pulanglah bersamaku. Abu Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah bertanya: Apakah itu bererti lari dari takdir Allah? Umar menjawab: Harapnya bukan engkau yang bertanya wahai Abu Ubaidah! Memang Umar tidak suka berselisih pendapat dengan Abu Ubaidah. Ya, kita lari dari ketentuan (takdir) Allah untuk menuju kepada takdir Allah yang lain. Apakah pendapatmu seandainya engkau mempunyai seekor unta yang turun di suatu lembah yang mempunyai dua keadaan, satunya subur dan satu lagi tandus. Adakah jika engkau mengembalanya pada tempat yang subur itu bukan bererti engkau mengembalanya kerana takdir Allah? Begitu pula sebaliknya, bukankah engkau mengembalanya kerana takdir Allah juga? Lalu datanglah Abdul Rahman bin Auf yang baru saja tiba dari suatu keperluan. Beliau berkata: Sesungguhnya aku mempunyai pengetahuan mengenai masalah ini. Aku pernah mendengar Rasulullah s.a.w bersabda: Apabila kamu mendengar terdapat wabak di suatu daerah, janganlah kamu datang ke tempatnya. Sebaliknya, sekiranya wabak itu berjangkit di suatu daerah sedangkan kamu berada di sana maka janganlah kamu keluar melarikan diri daripadanya. Mendengar kata-kata itu Umar bin Al-Khattab memuji Allah, kemudian beredar meninggalkan tempat itu.

HADIS : RIWAYAT MUSLIM
KITAB : SALAM
BAB :Penyakit Taun, Tanda tanda Atau Firasat, Mempelajari Dukun Dan Sebagainya